Kharmagtai Resource Grows to 1.1 Billion Tonnes, Containing 3Mt Cu and 8Moz Au

 

TORONTO, Dec. 08, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Xanadu Mines Ltd (ASX: XAM, TSX: XAM) (Xanadu, XAM or the Company) is pleased to report an updated Mineral Resource Estimate (Resource, Mineral Resource or MRE) for its flagship copper-gold project at Kharmagtai, in the South Gobi region of Mongolia (Table 1).

The Company has successfully delivered its stated aspirational target to grow the Kharmagtai Resource to >1.0Bt including a higher-grade component of >100Mt. This updated Resource positions Kharmagtai as one of the largest undeveloped copper assets held by a listed junior globally.

Highlights

• Significant increase in Kharmagtai Resource to 1.1Bt containing 3Mt Cu and 8Moz Au representing a >50% increase in contained copper (Cu) and >80% increase in contained gold metal (Au).
  

Table 1: Comparison 2021 vs 2018 Resource¹

Resource	Cutoff (% CuEq)	Classification	Tonnes (Mt)	Grades			Contained Metal
				CuEq (%)	Cu (%)	Au (g/t)	CuEq (Mlbs)	CuEq (kt)		Cu (kt)		Au (koz)
2021	0.2 (OC) 0.3 (UG)	Indicated	487	0.4	0.3	0.2	4,375	1,980		1,330		3,900
		Inferred	664	0.3	0.2	0.2	5,140	2,330		1,680		4,100
2018	0.3 (OC) 0.5 (UG)	Indicated	129	0.5	0.4	0.4	1,570	710	480		1,500
		Inferred	469	0.4	0.3	0.2	4,350	1,970	1,500		2,930

• Updated Mineral Resource is classified as Indicated and Inferred, and notionally constrained with open pit mineralisation commencing from surface, and underground starting below 720m RL; depth constraint is specific for each deposit.
• Material upgrade of higher-grade core to 100Mt @ 0.8% copper equivalent (CuEq) at a 0.55% CuEq cut off.
• Since 2018 Resource update², the Company has completed 120 diamond drill holes for 69,479 metres and has grown the resource at a rate of approximately 100Mlbs CuEq per month.
• Scoping study underway to model the project, leveraging key advantages of Kharmagtai such as:
  • Cohesive higher-grade zones to drive early payback of initial capital and strong project economics
  • Lower relative capital intensity driven by low-altitude, flat topography, easy access and good nearby infrastructure including water, power, road and rail transport
  • Potential very competitive timeframe to first production due to low population density, strong community relations and favourable environmental, social and governance (ESG).
  • Located close to markets, with probable high quality copper concentrate product with strong gold credits and no deleterious elements (including arsenic) based on test-work to date.
• Strong exploration upside remains, with mineralisation open to the north and at depth, and updated Resource covering only 30% of the 8km long Kharmagtai Intrusive Complex.
  

The Mineral Resource Estimate was prepared by independent consultants Spiers Geological Consultants (SGC) and is reported in accordance with the 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (JORC Code 2012) and National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (NI 43-101).

Xanadu’s Chief Executive Officer, Dr Andrew Stewart, said “This is a major milestone for Xanadu and positions Kharmagtai as one of the largest undeveloped copper and gold resources on ASX, and one of the biggest globally. Importantly, we have now successfully delivered our medium-term aspirational targets for Kharmagtai with total Resource growth to >1.0Bt, including the higher-grade component of >100Mt.

The higher-grade zones (>0.8% CuEq) have grown from approximately 58Mt in the previous estimate to just on 100Mt with this update. This could be a real game-changer for project economics, with better defined and larger high-grade zones, setting the project apart from similarly sized orebodies, with the higher-grade component potentially unlocking project scenarios that could pave the way to put Kharmagtai into production. A significant increase in gold to copper ratios, has resulted in a greater than 80% increase in contained gold, which means higher by-product credits that will be reflected in lower all-in sustaining costs. The high-grade core and high gold to copper ratios of the Kharmagtai system are likely to be very important to future project economics, as they provide a degree of optionality for mine development that is not often seen in mining projects of this nature.

Many of the largest copper projects worldwide, peers to Kharmagtai, have logistical and social challenges, leading to significant delays and increased capital costs. Some projects have been stuck in red tape for so long that their impact on future copper supply is now in doubt. By comparison, Kharmagtai has advantages in both areas. Logistically the South Gobi is flat terrain with ready access to industrial water, nearby power, rail and road infrastructure, and proximity to the largest consumers of copper in Asia. Socially Xanadu has a strong social license to operate and Kharmagtai is in a very low population area. Further, the Mongolian regulators support mining development; it’s important to remember that the Oyu Tolgoi pit was able to move from discovery to production in approx. 5 years, an incredible outcome given the time it takes large mining projects to get off the ground elsewhere.

Importantly, however, the discovery journey is not over. The updated Resource covers only approx. 30% of the 8km strike length of the Kharmagtai Mineralised Complex. The known deposit is open to the north and at depth, and recent drilling has already intercepted high-grade bornite outside the Resource. Step-out drilling continues down-plunge.

Given the scale of the system, gold credits, infrastructure, logistics and social advantages, Kharmagtai clearly has the potential to become a leading global supplier of copper and a part of the solution to the looming global copper shortage, as the world electrifies and moves towards a carbon neutral future.”

INTERIM MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATE OVERVIEW

Xanadu engaged independent consultants, Spiers Geological Consultants (SGC), to prepare an updated Resource for Kharmagtai. The Resource has been reported in accordance with the JORC Code 2012 and NI 43-101, is effective as of 8 December 2021, and is shown in full in Tables 2 and 3.

This Resource is the first update to the Resource announced on 31 October 2018³ with 120 diamond drill holes and 69,479 metres of drilling completed since 2018. The open pit resources are reported above nominated meters Relative Level (mRL), which is unique to each deposit area. Levels are based on preliminary optimisation analysis and a 0.2% CuEq cut-off grade. The underground Resource is reported below the nominated mRL’s levels based on preliminary optimisation analysis and a 0.3% CuEq cut-off grade.

SGC considers that data collection techniques are consistent with industry best practice and are suitable for use in the preparation of a Resource to be reported in accordance with JORC Code 2012 and NI 43-101. Available quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) data supports the use of the input data provided by Xanadu.

The Resource is considered to have reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction (RPEEE) on the following basis:

• the deposit is located in a favourable mining jurisdiction, with no known impediments to land access or tenure status; and
• the volume, orientation and grade of the Resource is amenable to mining extraction via traditional open-pit and underground methods;

The Resource models are well understood and there is substantial upside potential to be realised by better understanding the economics of the deposit. As demonstrated in the images below, significant volumes of mineralisation have been modelled that fall outside of the constraining pit wireframe. These parts of the model will be targeted for further investigation through economic studies to assess if more of this material can be brought into the Mineral Resource.

Figure 1: Plan view of the Kharmagtai district, displaying the Mineral Resource Estimate is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/7fb34ef0-7c7f-4a06-b6d6-6f50101d8c27

Figure 2: Long-section of the Kharmagtai district, displaying the Mineral Resource Estimate extents in relation to drilling, showing notional 720mRL split between potential open pit and underground is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/97c3ed85-3d47-4bf0-b116-d04a43f25168

Figure 3: Kharmagtai CuEq grade-tonnage curve for pit-constrained mineralisation on a CuEq cut-off grade basis is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/78464405-5ce8-4d21-811d-e498155c91d2

Figure 4: Kharmagtai CuEq grade-tonnage curve for underground-constrained mineralisation on a CuEq cut-off grade basis is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/98d5c594-0f2e-45de-aa03-0a1a88bff5c0

Figure 5: Long section of the Stockwork Hill Deposit, displaying the Mineral Resource Estimate extents in relation to drilling is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/a0de94b1-39b5-441d-a192-3afba19e21bb

Figure 6: Long section of the Copper Hill Deposit, displaying the Mineral Resource Estimate extents in relation to drilling is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/b591cdab-074e-4af0-bfa6-5ea8c07a35ab

Figure 7: Long section of the White Hill Deposit, displaying the Mineral Resource Estimate extents in relation to drilling is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/d7179e83-897d-4a9c-bbe4-88a68535b8b5

Figure 8: Long section of the Zaraa Deposit, displaying the Mineral Resource Estimate extents in relation to drilling is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/9b502777-d891-4141-b030-6430cc1da827

Table 2: Kharmagtai updated Mineral Resource Estimate (JORC 2012 & 43:101). Total Open Pit Mineral Resource Estimates - Reported at a 0.2% CuEq cut-off grade and inside reporting solid 0.1%CuEq above nominated mRL by deposit area - Resources as at 8 December 2021.

Deposit	Classification	Tonnes (Mt)	Grades				Contained Metal
			CuEq (%)	Cu (%)	Au (g/t)		CuEq (Mlbs)	CuEq (kt)	Cu (kt)	Au (koz)
SH	Indicated	158	0.4	0.3	0.3		1,534	700	460	1,500
WH		188	0.3	0.2	0.2		1,424	650	460	1,100
CH		17	0.5	0.4	0.4		200	90	60	200
ZA		9	0.3	0.1	0.2		51	20	10	100
GE		3	0.3	0.1	0.4		25	10	-	-
ZE		9	0.3	0.1	0.2		51	20	10	100
Total Indicated		384	0.4	0.3	0.2		3,285	1,490	1,000	3,000
SH	Inferred	52	0.3	0.2	0.2		343	160	100	300
WH		211	0.3	0.2	0.1		1,418	640	490	1,000
CH		3	0.3	0.2	0.1		20	10	10	-
ZA		13	0.2	0.1	0.2		73	30	20	100
GE		51	0.3	0.1	0.3		325	150	70	500
ZE		44	0.3	0.1	0.3		270	120	70	400
Total Inferred		374	0.3	0.2	0.2		2,449	1,110	760	2,300

Notes:

• CuEq accounts for Au value and CuEq kt must not be totalled to Au ounces
• Figures may not sum due to rounding
• Significant figures do not imply an added level of precision
• Resource constrained by 0.1%CuEqRec reporting solid in-line with geological analysis by XAM
• Resource constrained by open cut above nominated mRL level by deposit as follows SH>=720mRL, WH>=915mRL, CH>=1100mRL, ZA>=920mRL, ZE>=945mRL and GE>=845mRL
• CuEq equation (CuEq=Cu+Au*0.60049*0.86667) where Au at USD$1400/oz and Cu at USD$3.4/lb was employed according to the Clients' (XAM) direction.
• Au recovery is relative with Cu rec=90% and Au rec=78% (rel Au rec=78/90=86.667% with number according to the Clients' (XM) direction
  

Table 3: Kharmagtai updated Mineral Resource Estimate (JORC 2012 & 43:101). Total underground Mineral Resource Estimates - Reported at a 0.3% CuEq cut-off grade and inside reporting solid 0.1%CuEq area - Resources as at 8 December 2021.

Deposit	Classification	Tonnes (Mt)	Grades			Contained Metal
			CuEq (%)	Cu (%)	Au (g/t)	CuEq (Mlbs)	CuEq (kt)	Cu (kt)	Au (koz)
SH	Indicated	25	0.6	0.4	0.5	323	150	90	400
WH		21	0.4	0.4	0.2	199	90	70	100
CH		3	0.4	0.3	0.2	24	10	10	-
ZA		27	0.5	0.3	0.3	272	120	80	200
GE		-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
ZE		27	0.5	0.3	0.3	272	120	80	200
Total Indicated		103	0.5	0.3	0.3	1,090	490	330	900
SH	Inferred	21	0.4	0.3	0.3	197	90	60	200
WH		138	0.4	0.3	0.1	1,266	570	470	600
CH		2	0.3	0.3	0.2	12	10	-	-
ZA		129	0.4	0.3	0.2	1,214	550	390	1,000
GE		-	0.3	0.1	0.3	-	-	-	-
ZE		-	0.4	0.1	0.6	3	-	-	-
Total Inferred		290	0.4	0.3	0.2	2,692	1,220	920	1,800

Notes:

• CuEq accounts for Au value and CuEq kt must not be totalled to Au ounces
• Figures may not sum due to rounding
• Significant figures do not imply an added level of precision
• Resource constrained by 0.1%CuEqRec reporting solid in line with geological analysis by XAM
• Resource constrained by underground below nominated mRL level by deposit as follows SH<720mRL, WH<915mRL, CH<1100mRL, ZA<920mRL, ZE<945mRL and GE<845mRL
• CuEq equation (CuEq=Cu+Au*0.60049*0.86667) where Au at USD$1400/oz and Cu at USD$3.4/lb was employed according to the Clients' (XAM) direction.
• Au recovery is relative with Cu rec=90% and Au rec=78% (rel Au rec=78/90=86.667% with number according to the Clients' (XM) direction
  

Figure 9: Long Section through the Zephyr Deposit showing resource grown potential is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/dd94afdb-e1d5-4074-937c-e32e03f4cfc9 

RESOURCE GROWTH POTENTIAL

All six deposits within the updated Mineral Resource Estimate for Kharmagtai are open and require additional drilling to determine the boundaries of each deposit.

At Stockwork Hill the deposit comprises numerous areas on the edges of the resource where high-grade blocks are not closed off by drilling (Figure 5). These areas represent significant expansion opportunities.

White Hill represents the deposit with the most significant expansion potential. The resource is completely open to the south and the west and at depth (Figure 7) and the drilling to date in the lower portions of the deposit is broad enough to allow numerous blocks of unknown high-grade material to exist. Further drilling will significantly expand the White Hill Deposit.

At Zaraa, the deposit is open at depth and along strike to the north and south (Figure 8). Additional drilling is likely to add significant tonnes to the Zaraa Resource.

The Zephyr deposit is open to the west and the east and at depth. The highest-grade blocks within the resource sit at either end of the deposit with no drilling along strike (Figure 9).

GEOLOGY AND GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION

A step change has occurred in the understanding of the geological controls on mineralisation at Kharmagtai since the 2018 MRE. Each deposit in the 2021 MRE has been based on a detailed 3D geological model to constrain populations of grade with hard or soft boundaries determined using statistical analysis. This approach allows for a much more realistic and accurate estimate.

The model is based on a complete re-logging of the 214km of diamond drilling completed at Kharmagtai. This relogging has standardised the geology across the deposits and many phases of drilling/previous loggers, allowing a high-quality 3D model to be generated. Detailed lithogeochemical analyses and modelling were used to refine the intrusive phase categories and separate out mineralised versus unmineralised phases, allowing for more accurate resource domains to be generated. This model not only forms a robust framework for the Mineral Resource update but allows predictions as to extensions to the deposits to be identified and drilled.

3D geological wireframes were developed for all geological units within the deposits, including country rock, all porphyry phases, andesite dykes and breccia bodies. These wireframes were constrained to within a detailed 3D structural model of each deposit. This structural model was built to define the boundaries between the main populations of grade. Individual lithology and mineralisation style wireframes were generated for each fault block, and then each solid geology fault block combined into a complete deposit model. The base of oxidation surface was generated using a combination of geological logging and geochemical data. Wireframes were generated for various cut-off grade shells using statistical changes in the grade data. Separate wireframes were generated for tourmaline breccia mineralisation, both moderately mineralised and high-grade tourmaline breccia bodies. In some areas of the deposit wireframes for high-density veining were used to constrain very high-grade blocks of mineralisation, such as the High-Grade Bornite Zone.

The additional drilling since the last Mineral Resource and other exploration and evaluation programs such as - relogging of historical core, detailed short wave infrared data collection, geophysical review and geochemistry studies have delivered superior understanding of the deposit geometry. This has led to greater confidence in the geological and grade continuity and has infilled several areas of the deposits. The programs have collectively allowed us to deliver a more robust and larger Mineral Resource.

The Mineral Resources have been estimated using all available analytical data. This has included diamond core drilling (NQ, PQ and HQ), reverse circulation percussion drilling and in some areas channel samples taken at surface. Additional data on drilling and sampling procedures is provided in Table 1, Appendix 3.

Significant drilling has taken place since the last Resource in 2018 which has driven the increase in Resources. Table 4 shows the drilling meter difference between the 2018 and 2021 Resource.

Table 4: Drill Hole Summary

Timing	Reverse Circulation (RC) Holes	RC Metres	Diamond Core Holes	Diamond Core Meters	RC & Diamond Holes	RC and Diamond Core Metres	Poly- crystalline Diamond (PCD) Holes	PCD Metres	Trenches	Trench Metres
Drilling < 2018	216	35,725	364	144,936	21	5,022	664	26,137	123	45,393
Drilling > 2018	12	3,049	120	69,479	3	1,640	0	0	0	0
Total	228	38,774	484	214,415	24	6,663	664	23,137	123	45,393

ESTIMATE METHODOLOGY

The Kharmagtai resource models have been estimated by Ordinary Kriging (OK) using third party software and are post processed in SGC’s preferred software. An internal process review was conducted by SGC and no third party modelling was undertaken at this time.

Data searches were aligned consistent with the strike, dip and plunge (where appropriate) of the mineralisation consistent with the domain and geometry modelling as a result of the detailed geological investigation put forth by Xanadu (the Client).

According to the Client’s interpretation, the mineralisation host exhibit geometries which are consistent with those geometries defined by the spatial analysis of grade (in this instance Copper, Gold, Molybdenum and Sulphur).

A nominal composite length of 4 metre down hole was used for inputs which was settled upon during consultation with the Client and the Client’s preferred Geological Consultant team.

Where appropriate data was transformed and geometry modelling and variograms of the variables were calculated and modelled.

Several iterations of the modelling process were undertaken to assess the sensitivity of estimates to estimation parameters. Post processing, model validation and reporting were undertaken in SGC’s preferred third party software in-line with the Client’s end use.

Ordinary kriging of the variables was performed in the UTM_47N grid. Block dimensions were selected in line with data density and modelling methodology as well as taking into account potential mining methodologies. Search and data criteria were assessed and implemented, in-line with modelling strategy. Models were constructed and iteration undertaken to assess modelling sensitivities to data and search criteria.

The block estimates were validated against the informing data to ensure that they were consistent with the original informing data in a three-dimensional sense and within the search neighbourhood via data analysis.

The block estimates were exported to SGC’s preferred third party software and where appropriate, a topographic surface was applied as were other surfaces and solids which may have acted upon the estimates. Each model area was then compiled into a global model where all fields underwent secondary validation and data/s were assigned (where deemed appropriate by SGC in consultation with the Client’s geological team) as well as coding for primary domain and the calculation of CuEq% and CuEq% were completed.

Final densities were assigned where necessary and model validation completed ahead of final report preparation.

Individual blocks in the resource models (within the Global Kharmagtai Resource Model) have been allocated a resource classification of Indicated and Inferred confidence category based on the consideration of the number and location of data used to estimate the grade of each block in-line with the modelling approach established during the week-long collaboration between XAM staff, SGC and a third-party representative on behalf of XAM. In addition, further consideration incorporated into the resource classification discussion included (but not limited to) the following aspects, quality control and assurances (both internal to XAM and the associated laboratories employed as well as third party laboratory analysis) relating to sampling, sample handling, sample preparation and analysis, database administration and validation. The resource classification also takes into account structural complexity and the associated geological models and constraining solids, as well as population distributions and geometry.

EXPLORATION UPSIDE

Only a small portion of the potentially mineralised Kharmagtai Intrusive Complex has been drill tested. Most of the drilling since 2018 MRE has focused on expanding existing deposits and high-grade targets within and around known mineralisation. There are more than 20 exploration targets identified across the lease, which have been ranked and will be tested by drilling in the coming 12 months (Figure 10). These targets have been identified from surface geochemistry, geophysics, and the presence of the key features of porphyry deposits (veining, alteration and mineralisation).

Figure 10: Kharmagtai copper-gold district showing currently defined mineral deposits and exploration targets is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/2691b234-dc3a-492a-a287-abf6c10d9bda 

NEXT STEPS

Xanadu has commenced a Scoping Study to evaluate development options for the Kharmagtai District and compare to previous studies. This will include evaluation of mining, metallurgy and processing, engineering and infrastructure, marketing, logistics and the regulatory environment. Study will aim to leverage the known advantages of Kharmagtai, including:

• Targeting higher-grade core with high gold-copper ratio to drive short payback of capital
• Bulk mining of large resource, delivering a long mine life following capital payback
• Strong recoveries with metallurgy amenable to conventional crushing, milling and flotation
• Conventional tailings and mine waste management leveraging flat and stable topography
• Leverage nearby infrastructure including regional power and industrial water sources
• Simplified logistics with local rail and road access and proximity to smelters
• Saleable Cu concentrates with strong gold credits no known deleterious elements
  

A positive outcome of this Scoping Study in 2022 would lead to a gating decision and potential commencement of a Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS).

Recognising Kharmagtai still has significant exploration upside, Xanadu plans to continue exploration in parallel with the Scoping Study, including discovery drilling across several identified targets.

APPENDIX 1: COMPETENT PERSON’S STATEMENT

Mr Robert Spiers is a full time Principal Geologist employed by Spiers Geological Consultants (SGC), 2-6 Byrne Street, Mount Martha, Victoria, Australia. Mr Spiers is contracted on a consulting basis by Xanadu Mines.

Mr Spiers graduated with a Bachelor of Science (BSc) Honours and a double Major of Geology and Geophysics from Latrobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and has been a member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists for 26 years; working as a Geologist for in-excess of 30 years since graduating.

Mr Spiers has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the JORC Code, 2012. Mr Spiers consents to the inclusion in the report to which this statement is to be attached of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.

The information in the report to which this statement is to be attached that relates to Mineral Resources is based on information compiled by Mr Robert Spiers, a Competent Person who is a Member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists or a ‘Recognised Professional Organisation’ (RPO) included in a list posted on the ASX website from time to time.

Mr Spiers consents to the disclosure of this information on the page/s in the form and context in which it appears.

To the best of Mr Spiers’, knowledge, information and belief, neither SGC, himself and / or other related parties have any conflict of interest with by Xanadu Mines in accordance with the transparency principle set out by the JORC Code 2012 and supported by ASX rulings.

In relation to the above statement, Mr Spiers holds 750,000 ordinary shares in the ASX listed XAM entity purchased on market in accordance with XAM’s Securities Trading Policy (ASX Guidance Note 27 Trading Policies). The aforementioned shareholding does not constitute a material holding in Xanadu.

Mr Spiers has read the definition of “competent person” set out in the JORC Code 2012 and guidelines for the reporting of Mineral Resource Estimates and certify that by reason of his education, affiliation with a professional association (MAIG) and past relevant work experience, that he fulfils the requirements of a “Competent Person” for the purposes of JORC Code 2012.

As of the date of this Announcement, to the best of Mr Spiers’ knowledge, information and belief, the Public Release / Technical Report to which this statement is to be attached (in relation to the Reporting of the Kharmagtai Mineral Resource Estimation December 2021) contains all the scientific and technical information that is required to be disclosed in relation to the Mineral Resources to make the Public Release / Technical Report not misleading with respect to the sections for which Mr Spiers is responsible.

Dated the 8^th day of December 2021      

/s/ Robert Spiers

Robert Spiers, BSc Hons, MAIG

Our Customer

This Report has been produced by or on behalf of Spiers Geological Consultants (SGC) for the sole use by Xanadu Mines Ltd (XAM or the Customer). The Customer’s use and disclosure of this report is subject to the terms and conditions under which SGC prepared the report. All items in the Report must if used in a third-party report be taken in context and consent from SGC must be sought on each occasion.

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Inputs, subsequent changes, and no duty to update

SGC have created this Report using data and information provided by or on behalf of the Customer (and Customer’s agents and contractors). Unless specifically stated otherwise, SGC has not independently verified that data and information unless expressly noted. SGC accepts no liability for the accuracy or completeness of that data and information, even if that data and information has been incorporated into or relied upon in creating this report (or parts of it).

The conclusions and opinions contained in this Report apply as at the date of the Report. Events (including changes to any of the data and information that SGC used in preparing the Report) may have occurred since that date which may impact on those conclusions and opinions and make them unreliable. SGC is under no duty to update the Report upon the occurrence of any such event, though it reserves the right to do so.

Mining Unknown Factors

The ability of any person to achieve forward-looking production and economic targets is dependent on numerous factors that are beyond SGC’s control and that SGC cannot anticipate. These factors include, but are not limited to, site-specific mining and geological conditions, management and personnel capabilities, availability of funding to properly operate and capitalize the operation, variations in cost elements and market conditions, developing and operating the mine in an efficient manner, unforeseen changes in legislation and new industry developments. Any of these factors may substantially alter the performance of any mining operation.

APPENDIX 2: ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS AND DISCLAIMERS

Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves Reporting Requirements

The 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (the JORC Code 2012) sets out minimum standards, recommendations and guidelines for Public Reporting in Australasia of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves. The Information contained in this Announcement has been presented in accordance with the JORC Code 2012.

The information in this Announcement relates to the exploration results previously reported in ASX Announcements which are available on the Xanadu website at:

https://www.xanadumines.com/site/investor-centre/asx-announcements

The Company is not aware of any new, material information or data that is not included in those market announcements.

Copper Equivalent Calculations

The copper equivalent (CuEq or eCu) calculation represents the total metal value for each metal, multiplied by the conversion factor, summed and expressed in equivalent copper percentage with a metallurgical recovery factor applied.

Copper equivalent (CuEq or eCu) grade values were calculated using the following formula:

eCu or CuEq = Cu + Au * 0.60049 * 0.86667,

Gold Equivalent (eAu) grade values were calculated using the following formula:

eAu = Au + Cu / 0.60049 * 0.86667.

Where:

Cu - copper grade (%)

Au - gold grade (g/t)

0.60049 - conversion factor (gold to copper)

0.86667 - relative recovery of gold to copper (86.67%)

The copper equivalent formula was based on the following parameters (prices are in USD):

• Copper price - 3.4 $/lb
• Gold price - 1400 $/oz
• Copper recovery - 90%
• Gold recovery - 78%

Relative recovery of gold to copper = 78% / 90% = 86.67%.

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements contained in this Announcement, including information as to the future financial or operating performance of Xanadu and its projects may also include statements which are ‘forward‐looking statements’ that may include, amongst other things, statements regarding targets, estimates and assumptions in respect of mineral reserves and mineral resources and anticipated grades and recovery rates, production and prices, recovery costs and results, capital expenditures and are or may be based on assumptions and estimates related to future technical, economic, market, political, social and other conditions. These ‘forward-looking statements’ are necessarily based upon a number of estimates and assumptions that, while considered reasonable by Xanadu, are inherently subject to significant technical, business, economic, competitive, political and social uncertainties and contingencies and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual events or results to differ materially from estimated or anticipated events or results reflected in such forward‐looking statements.

Xanadu disclaims any intent or obligation to update publicly or release any revisions to any forward‐looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, circumstances or results or otherwise after the date of this Announcement or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, other than required by the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) and the Listing Rules of the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) and Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX). The words ‘believe’, ‘expect’, ‘anticipate’, ‘indicate’, ‘contemplate’, ‘target’, ‘plan’, ‘intends’, ‘continue’, ‘budget’, ‘estimate’, ‘may’, ‘will’, ‘schedule’ and similar expressions identify forward‐looking statements.

All ‘forward‐looking statements’ made in this Announcement are qualified by the foregoing cautionary statements. Investors are cautioned that ‘forward‐looking statements’ are not guarantee of future performance and accordingly investors are cautioned not to put undue reliance on ‘forward‐looking statements’ due to the inherent uncertainty therein.

For further information please visit the Xanadu Mines’ Website at www.xanadumines.com. 

APPENDIX 3: KHARMAGTAI TABLE 1 (JORC 2012)

Set out below is Section 1 and Section 2 of Table 1 under the JORC Code, 2012 Edition for the Kharmagtai project. Data provided by Xanadu. This Table 1 updates the JORC Table 1 disclosure dated 1^st December 2021.

JORC TABLE 1 - SECTION 1 - SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND DATA

(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections).

Criteria	Commentary
Sampling techniques	Representative ½ core samples were split from PQ, HQ & NQ diameter diamond drill core on site using rock saws, on a routine 2m sample interval that also honours lithological/intrusive contacts. The orientation of the cut line is controlled using the core orientation line ensuring uniformity of core splitting wherever the core has been successfully oriented. Sample intervals are defined and subsequently checked by geologists, and sample tags are attached (stapled) to the plastic core trays for every sample interval. Reverse Circulation (RC) chip samples are ¼ splits from one meter (1m) intervals using a 75%:25% riffle splitter to obtain a 3kg sample RC samples are uniform 2m samples formed from the combination of two ¼ split 1m samples.
Drilling techniques	The Mineral Resource Estimation has been based upon diamond drilling of PQ, HQ and NQ diameters with both standard and triple tube core recovery configurations, RC drilling and surface trenching with channel sampling. All drill core drilled by Xanadu has been oriented using the “Reflex Ace” tool.
Drill sample recovery	Diamond drill core recoveries were assessed using the standard industry (best) practice which involves removing the core from core trays; reassembling multiple core runs in a v-rail; measuring core lengths with a tape measure, assessing recovery against core block depth measurements and recording any measured core loss for each core run. Diamond core recoveries average 97% through mineralisation. Overall, core quality is good, with minimal core loss. Where there is localised faulting and or fracturing core recoveries decrease, however, this is a very small percentage of the mineralised intersections. RC recoveries are measured using whole weight of each 1m intercept measured before splitting Analysis of recovery results vs grade shows no significant trends that might indicate sampling bias introduced by variable recovery in fault/fracture zones.
Logging	All drill core is geologically logged by well-trained geologists using a modified “Anaconda-style” logging system methodology. The Anaconda method of logging and mapping is specifically designed for porphyry Cu-Au mineral systems and is entirely appropriate to support Mineral Resource Estimation, mining and metallurgical studies. Logging of lithology, alteration and mineralogy is intrinsically qualitative in nature. However, the logging is subsequently supported by 4 Acid ICP-MS (48 element) geochemistry and SWIR spectral mineralogy (facilitating semi-quantitative/calculated mineralogical, lithological and alteration classification) which is integrated with the logging to improve cross section interpretation and 3D geological model development. Drill core is also systematically logged for both geotechnical features and geological structures. Where drill core has been successfully oriented, the orientation of structures and geotechnical features are also routinely measured. Both wet and dry core photos are taken after core has been logged and marked-up but before drill core has been cut.
Sub-sampling techniques and sample preparation	All drill core samples are ½ core splits from either PQ, HQ or NQ diameter cores. A routine 2m sample interval is used, but this is varied locally to honour lithological/intrusive contacts. The minimum allowed sample length is 30cm. Core is appropriately split (onsite) using diamond core saws with the cut line routinely located relative to the core orientation line (where present) to provide consistency of sample split selection. The diamond saws are regularly flushed with water to minimize potential contamination. A field duplicate ¼ core sample is collected every 30th sample to ensure the “representivity of the in-situ material collected”. The performance of these field duplicates is routinely analysed as part of Xanadu’s sample QC process. Routine sample preparation and analyses of DDH samples were carried out by ALS Mongolia LLC (ALS Mongolia), who operates an independent sample preparation and analytical laboratory in Ulaanbaatar. All samples were prepared to meet standard quality control procedures as follows: Crushed to 75% passing 2mm, split to 1kg, pulverised to 85% passing 200 mesh (75 microns) and split to 150g sample pulp. ALS Mongolia Geochemistry labs quality management system is certified to ISO 9001:2008. The sample support (sub-sample mass and comminution) is appropriate for the grainsize and Cu-Au distribution of the porphyry Cu-Au mineralization and associated host rocks.
Quality of assay data and laboratory tests	All samples were routinely assayed by ALS Mongolia for gold Au is determined using a 25g fire assay fusion, cupelled to obtain a bead, and digested with Aqua Regia, followed by an atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) finish, with a lower detection (LDL) of 0.01 ppm. All samples were also submitted to ALS Mongolia for the 48-element package ME-ICP61 using a four-acid digest (considered to be an effective total digest for the elements relevant to the Mineral Resource Estimate (MRE)). Where copper is over-range (>1% Cu), it is analysed by a second analytical technique (Cu-OG62), which has a higher upper detection limit (UDL) of 5% copper. Quality assurance has been managed by insertion of appropriate Standards (1:30 samples – suitable Ore Research Pty Ltd certified standards), Blanks (1:30 samples), Duplicates (1:30 samples – ¼ core duplicate) by XAM. Assay results outside the optimal range for methods were re-analysed by appropriate methods. Ore Research Pty Ltd certified copper and gold standards have been implemented as a part of QC procedures, as well as coarse and pulp blanks, and certified matrix matched copper-gold standards. QC monitoring is an active and ongoing processes on batch by batch basis by which unacceptable results are re-assayed as soon as practicable. Prior to 2014: Cu, Ag, Pb, Zn, As and Mo were routinely determined using a three-acid-digestion of a 0.3g sub-sample followed by an AAS finish (AAS21R) at SGS Mongolia. Samples were digested with nitric, hydrochloric and perchloric acids to dryness before leaching with hydrochloric acid to dissolve soluble salts and made to 15ml volume with distilled water. The LDL for copper using this technique was 2ppm. Where copper was over-range (>1% Cu), it was analysed by a second analytical technique (AAS22S), which has a higher upper detection limit (UDL) of 5% copper. Gold analysis method was essentially unchanged.
Verification of sampling and assaying	All assay data QA/QC is checked prior to loading into XAM’s Geobank data base. The data is managed by XAM geologists. The data base and geological interpretation is managed by XAM. Check assays are submitted to an umpire lab (SGS Mongolia) for duplicate analysis. No twinned drill holes exist. There have been no adjustments to any of the assay data.
Location of data points	Diamond drill holes have been surveyed with a differential global positioning system (DGPS) to within 10cm accuracy. The grid system used for the project is UTM WGS-84 Zone 48N Historically, Eastman Kodak and Flexit electronic multi-shot downhole survey tools have been used at Kharmagtai to collect down hole azimuth and inclination information for the majority of the diamond drill holes. Single shots were typically taken every 30m to 50m during the drilling process, and a multi-shot survey with readings every 3-5m are conducted at the completion of the drill hole. As these tools rely on the earth’s magnetic field to measure azimuth, there is some localised interference/inaccuracy introduced by the presence of magnetite in some parts of the Kharmagtai mineral system. The extent of this interference cannot be quantified on a reading-by-reading basis. More recently (since September 2017), a north-seeking gyro has been employed by the drilling crews on site (rented and operated by the drilling contractor), providing accurate downhole orientation measurements unaffected by magnetic effects. Xanadu have a permanent calibration station setup for the gyro tool, which is routinely calibrated every 2 weeks (calibration records are maintained and were sighted) The project Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is based on 1m contours from satellite imagery with an accuracy of ±0.1 m.
Data spacing and distribution	Holes spacings range from <50m spacings within the core of mineralization to +500m spacings for exploration drilling. Hole spacings can be determined using the sections and drill plans provided. Holes range from vertical to an inclination of -60 degrees depending on the attitude of the target and the drilling method. The data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish anomalism and targeting for porphyry Cu-Au, tourmaline breccia and epithermal target types. Holes have been drilled to a maximum of 1,400m vertical depth. The data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish geological and grade continuity, and to support the Mineral Resource classification.
Orientation of data in relation to geological structure	Drilling is conducted in a predominantly regular grid to allow unbiased interpretation and targeting. Scissor drilling, as well as some vertical and oblique drilling, has been used in key mineralised zones to achieve unbiased sampling of interpreted structures and mineralised zones, and in particular to assist in constraining the geometry of the mineralised hydrothermal tourmaline-sulphide breccia domains.
Sample security	Samples are delivered from the drill rig to the core shed twice daily and are never left unattended at the rig. Samples are dispatched from site in locked boxes transported on XAM company vehicles to ALS lab in Ulaanbaatar. Sample shipment receipt is signed off at the Laboratory with additional email confirmation of receipt. Samples are then stored at the lab and returned to a locked storage site.
Audits or reviews	Internal audits of sampling techniques and data management are undertaken on a regular basis, to ensure industry best practice is employed at all times. External reviews and audits have been conducted by the following groups: 2012: AMC Consultants Pty Ltd. was engaged to conduct an Independent Technical Report which reviewed drilling and sampling procedures. It was concluded that sampling and data record was to an appropriate standard. 2013: Mining Associates Ltd. was engaged to conduct an Independent Technical Report to review drilling, sampling techniques and QAQC. Methods were found to conform to international best practice. 2018: CSA Global reviewed the entire drilling, logging, sampling, sample shipping and laboratory processes during the competent persons site visit for the 2018 MRE and found the systems and adherence to protocols to be to an appropriate standard.

JORC TABLE 1 - SECTION 2 - REPORTING OF EXPLORATION RESULTS

(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections).

Criteria	Commentary
Mineral tenement and land tenure status	The Project comprises 2 Mining Licences (MV-17129A Oyut Ulaan and (MV-17387A Kharmagtai): Xanadu now owns 100% of Vantage LLC, the 100% owner of the Oyut Ulaan mining licence. The Kharmagtai mining license MV-17387A is 100% owned by Oyut Ulaan LLC. Xanadu has an 85% interest in Mongol Metals LLC, which has 90% interest in Oyut Ulaan LLC. The remaining 10% in Oyut Ulaan LLC is owned by Quincunx (BVI) Ltd (“Quincunx”). The Mongolian Minerals Law (2006) and Mongolian Land Law (2002) govern exploration, mining and land use rights for the project.
Exploration done by other parties	Previous exploration at Kharmagtai was conducted by Quincunx Ltd, Ivanhoe Mines Ltd and Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd including extensive drilling, surface geochemistry, geophysics, mapping. Previous exploration at Red Mountain (Oyut Ulaan) was conducted by Ivanhoe Mines.
Geology	The mineralisation is characterised as porphyry copper-gold type. Porphyry copper-gold deposits are formed from magmatic hydrothermal fluids typically associated with felsic intrusive stocks that have deposited metals as sulphides both within the intrusive and the intruded host rocks. Quartz stockwork veining is typically associated with sulphides occurring both within the quartz veinlets and disseminated thought out the wall rock. Porphyry deposits are typically large tonnage deposits ranging from low to high grade and are generally mined by large scale open pit or underground bulk mining methods. The deposits at Kharmagtai are atypical in that they are associated with intermediate intrusions of diorite to quartz diorite composition; however, the deposits are in terms of contained gold significant, and similar gold-rich porphyry deposits.
Drill hole Information	Diamond drill holes are the principal source of geological and grade data for the Project. See figures in this ASX/TSX Announcement.
Data Aggregation methods	A nominal cut-off of 0.1% eCu is used in copper dominant systems for identification of potentially significant intercepts for reporting purposes. Higher grade cut-offs are 0.3%, 0.6% and 1% eCu. A nominal cut-off of 0.1g/t eAu is used in gold dominant systems like Golden Eagle for identification of potentially significant intercepts for reporting purposes. Higher grade cut-offs are 0.3g/t, 0.6g/t and 1g/t eAu. Maximum contiguous dilution within each intercept is 9m for 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 1% eCu. Most of the reported intercepts are shown in sufficient detail, including maxima and subintervals, to allow the reader to make an assessment of the balance of high and low grades in the intercept. Informing samples have been composited to two metre lengths honouring the geological domains and adjusted where necessary to ensure that no residual sample lengths have been excluded (best fit). The copper equivalent (CuEq or eCu) calculation represents the total metal value for each metal, multiplied by the conversion factor, summed and expressed in equivalent copper percentage with a metallurgical recovery factor applied. Copper equivalent (CuEq or eCu) grade values were calculated using the following formula: eCu or CuEq = Cu + Au * 0.60049 * 0.86667, Gold Equivalent (eAu) grade values were calculated using the following formula: eAu = Au + Cu / 0.60049 * 0.86667. Where: Cu - copper grade (%) Au - gold grade (g/t) 0.60049 - conversion factor (gold to copper) 0.86667 - relative recovery of gold to copper (86.67%) The copper equivalent formula was based on the following parameters (prices are in USD): Copper price - 3.4 $/lb Gold price        - 1400 $/oz Copper recovery - 90% Gold recovery - 78% Relative recovery of gold to copper = 78% / 90% = 86.67%.
Relationship between mineralisation on widths and intercept lengths	Mineralised structures are variable in orientation, and therefore drill orientations have been adjusted from place to place in order to allow intersection angles as close as possible to true widths. Exploration results have been reported as an interval with 'from' and 'to' stated in tables of significant economic intercepts. Tables clearly indicate that true widths will generally be narrower than those reported.
Diagrams	See figures in the body of this ASX/TSX Announcement.
Balanced reporting	Resources have been reported at a range of cut-off grades, above a minimum suitable for open pit mining, and above a minimum suitable for underground mining.
Other substantive exploration data	Extensive work in this area has been done and is reported separately.
Further Work	The mineralisation is open at depth and along strike. Current estimates are restricted to those expected to be reasonable for open pit mining. Limited drilling below this depth (-300m RLl) shows widths and grades potentially suitable for underground extraction. Exploration on going.

JORC TABLE 1 - SECTION 3 - ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF MINERAL RESOURCES

Criteria	Commentary
Database integrity	The database is managed using Micromine Geobank software. Data is logged directly into an Excel spread sheet logging system with drop down field lists. Validation checks are written into the importing program ensures all data is of high quality. Digital assay data is obtained from the Laboratory, QA/QC checked and imported. Geobank exported to CSV TEXT and imported directly to the Micromine software used for the MRE. The combined database was provided for the MRE. Validation of the data import include checks for the following: Duplicate drill hole or trench names, One or more drill hole collar or trench coordinates missing in the collar file, FROM or TO missing or absent in the assay file, FROM > TO in the assay file, Sample intervals overlap in the assay file, First sample is not equal to 0 m in the assay file, First depth is not equal to 0 m in the survey file, Several downhole survey records exist for the same depth, Azimuth is not between 0 and 360° in the survey file, Dip is not between 0 and 90° in the survey file, Azimuth or dip is missing in survey file, Total depth of the holes is less than the depth of the last sample, Total length of trenches is less than the total length of all samples. Negative sample grades. No logical errors were identified in the analytical data.
Site visits	Site visits were not conducted by SGC at the time of the resource estimation due to COVID restriction on international travel for Australian residents. It is envisaged that at the first possible opportunity SGC representatives will make a visit to site in order to verify all aspects at the source during the 2022 field season.
Geological interpretation	Geological data has been collected in a consistent manner that has allowed the development of geological models to support the Mineral Resource estimate. Copper and gold mineralisation is controlled by porphyry phases, oxidation zone, the level of veining, breccia, country rocks and barren dykes. Solid geological models were generated in Leapfrog for each of the six deposits using the following methodology Composite copper and gold grades to 10m intervals Define cut-offs using changes in slope of histograms and cumulative log plots Create raw grade shells for these using implicit numeric modelling (e.g. 800, 1500 and 4000ppm Cu) Define the main dividing features/structures between populations (clusters of grade) Build these structures in detail using grade, lithology, and structural information For each compartment/fault block Group the main lithologies into “like units” Build geological shapes from these units Re-build the grade shells within each compartment using information from the geological shapes to help constrain the grade shapes Once each compartment was built, they were assessed in context with each other and refined so that the models made geological sense. Geological interpretation and wireframing were based on sampling results of drill holes and trenches, which were logged at 2 m intervals (average). SGC do not believe that the effect of alternative interpretations will have a material impact on the overall Mineral Resource Estimates. The geological interpretation is considered robust & alternative interpretations are not considered to have a material effect on the Mineral Resource. No alternate interpretations are proposed as geological confidence in the model is moderate to high. As additional geological data is collected from additional drilling, the geological interpretation will be continually updated. The factors affecting continuity both of grade and geology are most likely to be associated with structural controls and local complexity the knowledge of which is considered at a moderate level with the current spacing of information. The broad approach to the mineralisation modelling is an attempt to model an unbiased interpretation.
Dimensions	Stockwork Hill: The strike length of the mineralised zone is about 1,350 m. Width is up to 800 m, traced down dip to 1,250 m. Mineralisation outcrops at the surface. White Hill: The strike length of the mineralised zone is about 1,800 m. Width is up to 830 m, traced down dip to 1,210 m. Mineralisation outcrops at the surface. Copper Hill: The strike length of the mineralised zone is about 630 m. Width is up to 150 m with apparent plunging to SW at about 40 degrees. traced down dip to 420 m dipping 70 degrees to SE. Mineralisation is outcropped at the surface. Zaraa: The strike length of the mineralised zone is about 1,300m. Width is up to 600m with apparent plunging to SW at about 60 degrees. traced down dip to 1,280m dipping. Mineralisation outcrops at the basement surface, beneath 35m of Palaeozoic cover. Golden Eagle: The strike length of the mineralised zone is about 400m. Width is up to 400m. traced down dip to 450 m. Mineralisation outcrops at the basement surface, beneath 35m of Palaeozoic cover. Zephyr: The strike length of the mineralised zone is about 1,030 m. Width is up to 310 m. Traced down dip to 350m. SE. Mineralisation outcrops at the basement surface, beneath 30m of Palaeozoic cover.
Estimation and modelling techniques	Ordinary Kriging technique was employed using third party software based on low coefficient of variation between samples in the mineralised domain. Grade interpolation and search ellipses were based on variography and geometry modelling outcomes. Modelling was conducted in three passes with block sizes being 20.0 m E by 20.0 m N by 10.0 m RL; discretisation was 5x5x2 for all project areas In the first pass data and octant criteria used were, Minimum Data=12, maximum Data=32, Minimum Octants=4. Search radii was 55 mE by 75 mN by 10 mRL. An expansion factor of 1 was applied so in the second pass saw the same data and octants criteria with an expanded search to 110mE by 150mN by 20mRL. The third pass saw Minimum Data=6, maximum Data=32, Minimum Octants=2. Search radii was 110mE by 150mN by 20mRL. Top cutting was applied to domains and elements which displayed a very strongly skewed nature as summarise in the report reference and in accordance with the prevailing coefficients of variation. Secondary attributes including the modelling of density which was also modelled on three passes (as above) which included the same data and octant criteria as above. No dilution was expressly added to the SGC model however domain was largely driven by geological and grade domains created by the Client (XM) and provided to SGC which tended to incorporated the full population range in the geological domains and a constrained population range in the grade domains in=line with the grade domain constraints. No assumptions were made by SGC regarding the recovery of by-products Copper, gold, molybdenum and sulphur were modelled as elements. Blocks in the model were defined based on the likely mining bench heights and the domaining took into account the SMU proposed at the outset of 4 m E by 4 m N by 2 m RL. The interpretation or domain model was largely driven by the lithology / geology, oxidation state, and structural intervention and mineralised trends observed over the various project areas. Grade was used as a secondary domain driver for the definition of boundarieswhere deemed appropriate by the XAM resource team. The model was validated in a third party software using section and plan comparisons back to original informing data as well as with the use of swath plots to assess local grade variability between the model and informing data.
Moisture	Tonnages are estimated on a dry basis.
Cut-off parameters	Mineralised domain interpreted on grade ≥ 0.1% CuEqRec inside the local interpretation solids by area with reference to local variability. Assumed to be reasonable cut-off for open pit and underground propositions given probability plot curve inflexions and grade population distributions. Resources estimated at a range of cut-offs and reported at a 0.2% CuEqRec cut-off grade for open pit and 0.3% CuEqRec for underground public reporting.
Mining factors or assumptions	This item is beyond the scope of work for SGC as such this item details were not addressed by SGC but will remain the responsibility of the Client and Client’s representatives. Consideration was given by SGC to SMU factors, blocks in the model were defined based on the likely mining bench heights and the domaining took into account the SMU proposed at the outset of 4 m E by 4 m N by 2 m RL.
Metallurgical factors or assumptions	No metallurgical factors or assumptions used to restrict or modify the resource estimation were employed by SGC proceeding or during the construction of the model. Metallurgical recovery was not modelled as an attribute of the model. To date preliminary historical metallurgical recovery analysis has indicated recovery of Cu% to be 90% and Aug/t to be 78% overall. To the best of SGC’s knowledge no further work has been conducted in regard to metallurgical recovery which would indicate anything to the contrary of the recovery numbers put forth by the Client.
Environmental factors or assumptions	No environmental factors or assumptions were used to restrict or modify the resource estimation.
Bulk density	All bulk density samples were determined by the water immersion method. In all 13334 bulk density measurements were taken from non-specified drilling samples by XAM site representatives during the period 2000 through to 2021 drilling program. The remainder of the SG database is historical in nature. Bulk density was estimated into block models based on a matrix of oxidation and lithology defined from a dataset of bulk density readings as supplied by the Client.
Classification	The resource classification was based on drilling density (and the availability of data to present to the search neighbourhood, geological modelling, oxidation and, density and recovery data as well as data quality considerations The classification criteria is deemed appropriate by SGC.
Audits or reviews	Other than those noted in this report, to the best of SGC knowledge, no additional public and formalised audits or reviews have been undertaken to date concerning the Mineral Resource Estimates for Kharmagtai.
Discussion of relative accuracy/confidence	Outlines of resource classifications were reviewed against drill-hole data density and assays results and each block in the model has a resource classification which indicates the relative (block to block) confidence level. Mineral resource estimate technique was deemed appropriate by an internal peer review by SGC as were the estimates themselves. Total mineral resource estimate based on global estimate. No production data was available at the time the estimates were undertaken. The block model was produced to represent global estimates; however, the model honours the local grade distributions appropriately given the drilling data provided and the domaining strategy employed. The relative accuracy of the Mineral Resource estimate is reflected in the reporting of the Mineral Resource as per the guidelines of the 2012 JORC Code.

JORC TABLE 1 - SECTION 4 - ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF ORE RESERVES

Ore Reserves are not reported so Section 4 is not applicable to this Announcement.

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¹ ASX/TSX Announcement 18 December 2018 – Technical Report Released to Support Kharmagtai Mineral Resource Estimate
² ASX/TSX Announcement 31 October 2018 - Major increase in Kharmagtai Open Cut Resource to 1.9Mt Cu & 4.3Moz Au
³ ASX/TSX Announcement 31 October 2018 - Major increase in Kharmagtai Open Cut Resource to 1.9Mt Cu & 4.3Moz Au