The assets will all continue to be consolidated and wholly owned by Vale.
"With the reorganisation, Brazilian base metals assets will be combined into two entities, enabling more efficient processes and management," the company said.
Vale is the world's largest producer of nickel. Outside of Brazil, it also has nickel operations in Canada and Indonesia.
The company also has copper operations in Canada.
Vale's share price was down 1% day on day at US$12.66 on 29 September.