Bill Murphy is a former American professional football player, financial commentator, and the chairman and director of the Gold Anti-Trust Action Committee (GATA), which was founded as a result of Murphy's essays on collusion among large financial institutions to suppress the price of precious metals. Murphy believes the price of gold is artificially low and has spent years lobbying the U.S. government to investigate market manipulation in the gold market. Earlier disregarded as a conspiracy theorist, his arguments were strengthened by a London precious metals trader who became a whistleblower and an American commodities trader, who inadvertently revealed that gold was leveraged 100 times physical.